Atmospheric Attenuation

This app calculates atmospheric attenuation and path loss across a wide frequency range from 1 GHz to 1000 GHz, making it a powerful tool for engineers working on microwave, millimeter-wave, and emerging terahertz communication systems. The model incorporates key atmospheric effects such as rain attenuation, water vapor absorption, and oxygen absorption, which significantly impact signal propagation at higher frequencies. Calculations are based on internationally recognized ITU propagation models P-676 and P-838, ensuring accuracy and consistency with industry and research standards. The app provides quick and reliable estimates that help users evaluate link performance, design wireless systems, and plan high-frequency communication […]

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5G, 6G

5G Millimeter Waves: Are They Really Harmful

There has been a continuous debate about harmful effects of Electromagnetic Radiations ever since they came into existence. Most of the research results suggest that there are no harmful effects, if the rules and regulations are followed. But there is a small body of research that suggests that there might be some harmful effects and more research needs to be carried out. This is particularly important now as 5G Wireless Technology is being rolled out around the world and it uses millimeter waves for which we have limited data.

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5G, Fundamentals

Path Loss at Millimeter Wave Frequencies

The mmWave Channel It is well known that wireless signals at millimeter wave frequencies (mmWave) suffer from high path loss, which limits their range. In particular there are higher diffraction and penetration losses which makes reflected and scattered signals to be all the more important. Typical penetration losses for building materials vary from a few dBs to more than 40 dBs [1]. There is also absorption by the atmosphere which increases with frequency. But there are also some favorable bands where atmospheric losses are low (<1dB/km).

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